Journal Of Management Policy And Practice - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Journal of Management Policy and Practice. Answer: Introduction Self-confidence is a vast term in itself. It can drive a person to achieve its set goals. An individual can achieve target with his self confidence level. Self confidence is a necessary to all the leaders working globally as well as in a national level (DeBono Muraven, 2013). The report will give a close concept of self confidence and its relation with leadership. It will also show a study of self analysis with different diagnostic tools such as Quinn Management questionnaire, ESCI tool, literature review of different studies showing the relation of leadership and self confidence. The considered theories are Maslows need theory, Terror management theory and Sociometer theory. It shows some evidences of the practices of recent events associated with the given results of diagnostic tools. Then lastly the report also includes the action plan where the improvements are needed to enhance with few activities, exercises and training programs. Self Analysis: Using Diagnostic Tools Quinn Management Questionnaire From the Quinn test, it was observed that, I got the score of 89% in Mentor where it states that I am a helpful, caring, sensitive and open. The result included that I have the quality of listening and supporting and consecutively express the idea and ability of stimulating personal development by enhancing skills and education. Scoring 82% in facilitator shows that I have a good presentation reputation and influencing power, with the ability of becoming representative for the department. And then scoring 80% in Coordinator shows that I have a good potential to support and maintain the structure of the system and reliable enough for the employee and management. Adding to it is the typical behavior to manage several crises. Lastly in innovator scoring 67% it proves that I notice changing environment and recognize the trends as well. Upon my test it also be noticed that decisions I would be making will be based upon the predictions from the previous facts and data. ESCI (emotional Intelligence) According to my test where I needed to answer 15 questions. The score comment was divided in 3 sections where the section of 15-34 was labeled as low emotional intelligence. The second section was 35-55 which I had scored and the comment is that I have a good emotional intelligence level. In addition I would be able to create good relationships with the colleagues and sometimes it might be problem for me to work with strangers. The comment also stated that I have high opportunity of improving my work relationship and the last comment was 56-75 which depicts higher emotional intelligence level. Situational Leadership Questionnaire Taking this test was interesting as there were many situations given and each had suitable choices for section. I had in total 20 questions to answer. There were 4 types of category, on which I was categorized under leadership style 2. The leadership style 2 was selling and coaching. Its results were high work and relationship focus, unable to do however is willing and motivated to the work. The style says that the people in this category listen and praise others work and motivate them to finish their work efficiently. However, there is a need to think from other point of view of the situation. Some of the past incidents will show that the above given results of 3 diagnostic tools are true as to my practice. The first day of my college, was the day when I was alone sitting in the class room, suddenly a group of few students arrived there and they asked me to give my introduction. At first I was very confident and I started with introducing my name and then one of them asked from which country I came. I kept on answering their question and lastly the introduction session with them was over. Later on I came to know that they were my seniors. From that day they often use to ask me for any help I needed in the college. From that day, I made new relation in the whole new college on the very first day. Then last month in my basketball game our coach made me the captain of the team for consecutively two matches. I had never been leading any team before this and it was a whole new experience I was about to observe. Then came the day when I needed to lead my team on the first match. Match started and I had been losing my confidence along with failing to score points. The score board showed 5 points, the opponent had scored. That moment brought me to a stage to think deep. I took a decision which was strange but I took a risk in order I had believe that it should work. Hence, we started playing in the way opponent did not think. I made a strategy among my players that who might ever get the ball in his hand he should straight go and have the target to put the ball in basket. Therefore this strategy worked; finally we scored 12 points against 10 and won the match. After that day, I gained my confidence and likely used new strategy according to the match and won the second match also. It proves that the above test taken and the results of it are evidence of what internal confidence I have. From the above, it can be identified that the areas needed to improve according to the test results are I should focus on being more goal oriented and should not hesitate before applying any new strategy. In simple words, creativity and innovation is lacking. Then observing the situation and pointing out several perception of the situation is another identified skill that needed to be enhanced. Literature review Self-confidence is an attitude or a segment of emotion that enables an individual to earn success and move forward to achieve a certain goal. Self confidence is commonly addressed as self assurance in an individuals ability, power, and personal attitude towards a situation. However, self confidence is another segment to self esteem (Marsh, Craven MARTIN, 2013), it is not identifying owns ability but rather specifically focuses on the ability of someone to achieve his goals with realistic views. Being self confident can bring success. Trying to lead without self confidence in himself or herself is similar to building a castle on sand. The base remains hollow and weak. A leader is required to enhance his or her self confidence competencies and skills to face risk and handle the situation and finally achieve the goals. Leaders with self confidence are able to stand against the problems and handle the conflicts directly with appropriate solutions, rather ignoring, delaying the problems (Rivkin, Diestel Schmidt, 2014). Leaders influence and motivate others with their problem solving skills and their ability to withstand the situation grows along as the confident grows. Building of self confidence within a leader allows feeling secured of his or her decisions which were made are correct and appropriating to the situation. A leader with self. The most important role for a leader is ability to make decisions and implement them. without self confidence no leader can have the courage to take decisions and stand by them. having confidence on oneself will make the leader able to make decisions and without hesitations be confident about them. Confidence will allow the leader to conduct meetings with power and strenght and employees too will find the confident leader motivating and inspiring. A confident leader will have courage and a vision. He or she remains calm even in crisis and he or she will be willing to take risks. Self confidence is a major requirement of leader in making decisions not only in present times but following since the need of leadership attributes. When a leader unteracts with his or team and he is seen to lack in confidence it automatically affects the strength and the future of his or her plans. Trait approach of leadership attributes includes six traits of which one is Self confidence (Sharma, Jain, 2013). It is believed that self confidence is one of the main characteristics of leaders. A positive self attitude is a necessary of self confidence. Relation of leadership and self confidence Maslows Hierarchy of needs Maslows hierarchy need is a theory proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper. The theory is a motivational theory of psychology consisting of 5 tier models of needs often portrayed within a pyramid as hierarchical level (Kaur, 2013). According to Maslow, he had identified 5 needs of human which are most basic needs and can result into motivation. The five needs are self actualization; esteem; love and belongingness; safety needs; biological and physiological needs. Then Maslow states that humans initially need to fulfill their physiological needs, love and belongingness needs in order to motivate them to achieve esteem needs. In the pyramid, esteem is divided into two kinds, a higher self efficacy coming from within and a lower self efficacy deriving from the respect of others. Once the common needs are fulfilled it is adaptable for one to achieve for more along with building self confidence to grab more. Terror management theory Terror Management Theory (TMT) is more deeply focused to define self confidence. It was developed in 1986 observed out from social psychological prospect. The terror referred in TMT is based on the awareness of the unavoidable death. The responding of humans with terror those highlight peoples belief, according to their own satisfaction as they try hard to secure against the terror (Greenberg, Vail Pyszczynski, 2014).As per TMT, self confidence forms when there is a need of protection against anxiety and as a result negative reaction can be seen with respect to safeguard their beliefs. Sociometer Theory Sociometer theory is a theory of self esteem that believes in self confidence in own abilities or self respect. It is introduced by Mark Leary in 1995 (Liu Zhang, 2016) and discussed by his colleagues in detail. The theory is related with peoples personal behavior to have a relational value and higher level of self confidence to face the acceptance and rejection from others. This theory helps person to create a positive attitude towards the others negative behaviors which helps a person to handle any situation effectively. Therefore it is an important part of self confidence because belief in ones own satisfaction people will try to achieve more. There are several leadership theories which can be classified as trait theory, leader behavior theory, the managerial grid and contingency theory. Trait theory is the study which considers its main focus on an individual characteristic that distinguishes the leader from his or her followers (Amanchukwu, Stanley Ololube, 2015). Managerial grid was introduced by Blake and Mouton (Bartosch et al., 2017). It is a graphical representation of 5 basic leadership styles in 2 dimensional views. Its study is based on concern for people and production. Contingency theory proposed by Fiedler, studies the behavior of the leader in different situations (McCleskey, 2014). The situational leadership theory is closely related to contingency theory. The theory studies the development level of the leader and the followers according to the organizations internal and external need (Thompson Glas, 2015). Self confidence allows making tough decisions, work after it and achieve them. Communicating, representing business and handling deals are all to be done confidently (Chemers, 2014). A leader without confidence cannot work and achieve his goals. Self confidence leads to take uncertain risk which can later give good results (Cvetkovich, 2013). Emotional intelligence is the concept of identifying and understanding to manage the emotions of own and others as well. Emotional intelligence can help to make effective decisions (Serrat, 2017). It also helps in growing good relations between employee and leaders. Leadership style is the way a leader perceives the situation, make out alternative solutions, plan and implements and motivates (Landis, Hill Harvey, 2014). In order to become a good leader, innovation is necessary to create new methods and ideas to grab the opportunities and stand out to win competitive advantage in the business. Action plan and conclusion To enhance and build self confidence there is a need of proper training. It cannot be easily earned in one day or one night. Therefore, this process will need a long term and a continual hard work in order to achieve the goal of self confidence. There are several activities, training programs available online and externally as well. Activities may include keeping journal for at least 2 months. Maintaining journal can improve self awareness as it follows a process to write down daily activities. This will also enhance communication skills that will bring confidence to speak front of all (Erozkan, 2013). Observing others and their activities and responding to emotions will help in generating self confidence. Having a nice dress style will give a feeling of different among many and build your confidence to impress them in a unique style. One of the most important things is to be positive every time whatever the situation is and try to exchange the negative ones with positive thoughts (Hannell, 2012). Another way is to work for advance preparation that is to be confident towards the activity that one does and to do that repeatedly until much of confident is built. Increase the capability to practice and learn more. For example, if one is willing to achieve good marks in studies, a daily practice of noting down and l earning is required in order to achieve the set target. Similarly, an overweight person needs to work out every day. Accordingly, keep track on certain routine such as diet, eating healthy, doing exercise to lose weight. Self confidence can also be achieved by having a goal that can be easily achieved as people always make a mistake of having a big goal and try to achieve it and they failed because it is beyond their limit (Cooper, Flint-Taylor Pearn, 2013). When one achieves a goal of his or her limit they will feel confidence that they have done something worth and will boost confidence to gain higher level goals. Concentrating on solutions will provide you the best way for your self confidence. Knowledge is the key factor for the increasing self confidence because knowing everything around and by studying it carefully will empower to be confident about anything (Putwain, Sander Larkin, 2013). Internet is one of the important tools in todays worlds to gain knowledge (Kuo et al., 2014). There are several online sites such as self confidence.co.uk provides free courses online which can be accessed from anywhere and anytime. Many worksheets are available to solve and practice. To enhance confidence do the work on the same day as given and should not left it for the next day to complete because doing the given work on the same will increase confidence. Maintaining proper body language is an essential (Baldwin, 2013). The way to seat, talk, and presentation and use of body gestures shows a lot about a particular. These body postures give a positive sign of self confidence among people. Thus in conclusion, the above study shows the three diagnostic tools used to see the result that is average and still needs much of practice to improve the skill. It is important to build self confidence within to withstand the world and handle situations. Self confidence is the stair to success. Reference Amanchukwu, R. N., Stanley, G. J., Ololube, N. P. (2015). A review of leadership theories, principles and styles and their relevance to educational management.Management,5(1), 6-14. Baldwin, M. (Ed.). (2013).The use of self in therapy. Routledge. 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